CBSE Chemistry Class 11

CBSE CLASS 11: AN OVERVIEW

CBSE Class 11 is a crucial year for students because it sets the foundation for all the important topics that will be covered not only in class 12 but in further studies too. It is important to study sincerely in Class 11 not only for the CBSE Board exams but also for the competitive exams that will ensure entry into a good college. Students should utilize the Class 11 academic year to build their basics, doing so will help them to face the board exam confidently next year.

CHEMISTRY
COURSE STRUCTURE
CLASS XI (2021 – 22)

TERM – I

S	UNIT	Periods	Marks
1	Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry	10	11
2	Structure of Atom	12	11
3	Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties	6	4
4	Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure	14	6
5	Redox Reactions	4	5
6	Hydrogen	4	5
7	Organic Chemistry: Some basic Principles and Techniques	10	9
	TOTAL	60	35

Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry:

General Introduction: Importance and scope of Chemistry. Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept and molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formula, chemical reactions, stoichiometry, and calculations based on stoichiometry.

Structure of Atom:

Bohr’s model and its limitations, concept of shells and subshells, dual nature of matter and light, de Broglie’s relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, concept of orbitals, quantum numbers, shapes of $s, p$ and $d$ orbitals, rules for filling electrons in orbitals – Aufbau principle, Pauli’s exclusion principle and Hund’s rule, electronic configuration of atoms, stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals

Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties:

Modern periodic law and the present form of periodic table, periodic trends in properties of elements -atomic radii, ionic radii, inert gas radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity, valency. Nomenclature of elements with atomic number greater than 100 .

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure:

Valence electrons, ionic bond, covalent bond, bond parameters, Lewis’s structure, polar character of covalent bond, covalent character of ionic bond, valence bond theory, resonance, geometry of covalent molecules, VSEPR theory, concept of hybridization, involving s, $p$ and $d$ orbitals and shapes of some simple molecules, molecular orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules(qualitative idea only), Hydrogen bond.

Redox Reactions:

Concept of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, balancing redox reactions, in terms of loss and gain of electrons and change in oxidation number

Hydrogen: Position of hydrogen in periodic table, occurrence, isotopes, hydrides-ionic covalent and interstitial; physical and chemical properties of water, heavy water, hydrogen as a fuel

Organic Chemistry:

Some basic Principles and Techniques:

General introduction, classification, and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds. Electronic displacements in a covalent bond: inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance, and hyper conjugation. Homolytic and heterolytic fission of a covalent bond: free radicals, carbocations, carbanions, electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of organic reactions.

PRACTICALS

Term I: A 15-mark Practical would be conducted under the supervision of subject teacher. This would contribute to the overall practical marks for the subject.

In case the situation of lockdown continues until Nov-Dec 2021, a Practical Based Assessment (pen paper) of 15 marks would be conducted at the end of Term I.

Term-I Evaluation Scheme

S. No	Practical	Marks
	Volumetric Analysis	8
	Content Based experiment	2
	Class record and viva(Internal Examiner)	5
TOTAL		15

Micro-chemical methods are available for several of the practical experiments, wherever possible such techniques should be used.

Basic Laboratory Techniques
Cutting glass tube and glass rod
Bending a glass tube
Drawing out a glass jet
Boring a cork
Characterization of Chemical Substances ( 2 Marks)
Determination of melting point of an organic compound.
Determination of boiling point of an organic compound.
Quantitative Estimation (8 marks)
Using a mechanical balance/electronic balance.
Preparation of standard solution of Oxalic acid.

iii. Determination of strength of a given solution of Sodium hydroxide by titrating it against standard solution of Oxalic acid.

Preparation of standard solution of Sodium carbonate.
Determination of strength of a given solution of hydrochloric acid by titrating it against standard Sodium Carbonate solution.

TERM – II

S.No	UNIT	Periods	Marks
1	States of Matter: Gases and Liquids	9	15
2	Chemical Thermodynamics	14
3	Equilibrium	12
4	s-Block Elements	5	11
5	Some -Block Elements	9	11
6	Hydrocarbons	10	9
	TOTAL	59	35

States of Matter:

Gases and Liquids: Three states of matter, intermolecular interactions, types of bonding, melting and boiling points, role of gas laws in elucidating the concept of the molecule, Boyle’s law, Charles law, Gay Lussac’s law, Avogadro’s law, ideal beha
viour, empirical derivation of gas equation, Avogadro’s number, ideal gas equation and deviation from ideal behaviour.

Chemical Thermodynamics:

Concepts of System and types of systems, surroundings, work, heat, energy, extensive and intensive properties, state functions.

First law of thermodynamics -internal energy and enthalpy, measurement of $Delta mathrm{U}$ and $Delta mathrm{H}$}, Hess’s law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, ionization, solution and dilution. Second law of Thermodynamics (brief introduction)

Introduction of entropy as a state function, Gibb’s energy change for spontaneous and nonspontaneous processes.

Third law of thermodynamics (brief introduction).

Equilibrium:

Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, dynamic nature of equilibrium, law of mass action, equilibrium constant, factors affecting equilibrium – Le Chatelier’s principle, ionic equilibrium- ionization of acids and bases, strong and weak electrolytes, degree of ionization, ionization of poly basic acids, acid strength, concept of pH, buffer solution, solubility product, common ion effect (with illustrative examples).

s -Block Elements:

Group 1 and Group 2 Elements -General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, anomalous properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationship, trends in the variation of properties (such as ionization enthalpy, atomic and ionic radii), trends in chemical reactivity with oxygen, water, hydrogen and halogens, uses.

Some p – Block Elements:

General Introduction to p – Block Elements

Group 13 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous properties of first element of the group, Boron – physical and chemical properties.

Group 14 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous behavior of first elements. Carbon-catenation, allotropic forms, physical and chemical properties.

Hydrocarbons:

Classification of Hydrocarbons Aliphatic Hydrocarbons:

Alkanes – Nomenclature, isomerism, conformation (ethane only), physical properties, chemical reactions.

Alkenes – Nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethene), geometrical isomerism, physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: addition of hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides (Markovnikov’s addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition.
Alkynes – Nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: acidic character of alkynes, addition reaction of – hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water.

Aromatic Hydrocarbons:

Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature, benzene: resonance, aromaticity, chemical properties: mechanism of electrophilic substitution. Nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft’s alkylation and acylation, directive influence of functional group in monosubstituted benzene. Carcinogenicity and toxicity.

PRACTICALS
Term II: At the end of Term II, a 15-mark Practical would be conducted under the supervision of subject teacher. This would contribute to the overall practical marks for the subject.

In case the situation of lockdown continues beyond December 2021, a Practical Based Assessment (pen-paper) of 10 marks and Viva 5 marks would be conducted at the end of Term II by the subject teacher. This would contribute to the overall practical marks for the subject.

S. No	Practical	Marks
	Salt Analysis	8
	Content Based Experiment	2
3	Project Work and Viva(Internal)	5
TOTAL		15

TERM-II Evaluation Scheme

Qualitative Analysis(Marks 8)
Determination of one anion and one cation in a given salt

Cations- $mathrm{Pb}^{2+}, mathrm{Cu}^{2+}, mathrm{As}^{3+}, mathrm{Al}^{3+}, mathrm{Fe}^{3+}, mathrm{Mn}^{2+}, mathrm{Ni}^{2+}, mathrm{Zn}^{2+}, mathrm{Co}^{2+}, mathrm{Ca}^{2+}, mathrm{Sr}^{2+}, mathrm{Ba}^{2+}, mathrm{Mg}^{2+}, mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}$

Anions $-left(mathrm{CO}_{3}right)^{2-}, mathrm{S}^{2-}, mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}, mathrm{SO}_{3}{ }^{2-}, mathrm{SO}_{4}{ }^{2-}, mathrm{NO}_{3}, mathrm{Cl}, mathrm{Br}, mathrm{H}, mathrm{PO}_{4}{ }^{3-}, mathrm{C}_{2} mathrm{O}_{4}{ }^{2-}, mathrm{CH}_{3} mathrm{COO}$ (Note: Insoluble salts excluded)

Detection of -Nitrogen, Sulphur, Chlorine in organic compounds.
Crystallizationof impure sample of any one of the following: Alum, Copper Sulphate, Benzoic Acid. (Marks 2)

PROJECTS scientific investigations involving laboratory testing and collecting information from other sources.

NCERT Solutions For Chemistry Class 11

The CBSE course structure is designed in a manner to ensure that students do not go through a lot of pressure, moreover, books are made interactive and interesting for students to enjoy their studies. A lot of fun activities are included in between the chapters to help students learn in a playful way. It makes the process of conveying knowledge to the students efficient and healthy.

Important Questions For Chemistry Class 11

CBSE Class 11 Videos

https://player.vimeo.com/video/429897952https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SVgNy5w4GvAhttps://player.vimeo.com/video/429897952https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SVgNy5w4GvA